Docker Deployment

This guide covers deploying Posthoot using Docker and Docker Compose. This is the recommended approach for most users as it provides a good balance of simplicity and production readiness.

Prerequisites

Before you begin, ensure you have:

Docker installed and running
Docker Compose installed
Git for cloning the repository
Basic knowledge of Docker concepts

Quick Start

1. Clone the Repository

git clone https://github.com/posthoot/posthoot-backend.git
cd posthoot-backend

2. Configure Environment

Copy the example environment file:

cp .env.example .env

Edit .env with your configuration:

# Server settings
SERVER_HOST=0.0.0.0
SERVER_PORT=9001
PUBLIC_URL=http://your-domain.com

# Database (PostgreSQL)
POSTGRES_HOST=postgres
POSTGRES_PORT=5432
POSTGRES_USER=posthoot_user
POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_secure_password
POSTGRES_DB=posthoot
POSTGRES_SSLMODE=disable

# Security
JWT_SECRET=your_very_long_and_secure_jwt_secret_key_here

# Redis
REDIS_HOST=redis
REDIS_PORT=6379
REDIS_PASSWORD=your_redis_password
REDIS_DB=0

# Admin account
SUPERADMIN_EMAIL=admin@yourdomain.com
SUPERADMIN_PASSWORD=secure_admin_password
SUPERADMIN_NAME=Admin

# SMTP (for sending emails)
SMTP_HOST=smtp.gmail.com
SMTP_PORT=587
SMTP_USER=your-email@gmail.com
SMTP_PASSWORD=your-app-password
SMTP_FROM_EMAIL=noreply@yourdomain.com
SMTP_PROVIDER=GMAIL

3. Create Docker Compose File

Create docker-compose.yml:

version: '3.8'

services:
  posthoot-server:
    build: .
    ports:
      - "9001:9001"
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_HOST=postgres
      - REDIS_HOST=redis
    depends_on:
      - postgres
      - redis
    volumes:
      - ./storage:/app/storage
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - posthoot-network

  postgres:
    image: postgres:16-alpine
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=posthoot
      - POSTGRES_USER=posthoot_user
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your_secure_password
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - posthoot-network
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U posthoot_user -d posthoot"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    command: redis-server --requirepass your_redis_password
    volumes:
      - redis_data:/data
    restart: unless-stopped
    networks:
      - posthoot-network
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "ping"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

  asynqmon:
    image: hibiken/asynqmon:latest
    environment:
      - REDIS_ADDR=redis:6379
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    depends_on:
      - redis
    networks:
      - posthoot-network

volumes:
  postgres_data:
  redis_data:

networks:
  posthoot-network:
    driver: bridge

4. Build and Start

# Build the images
docker-compose build

# Start all services
docker-compose up -d

# Check status
docker-compose ps

Configuration

Environment Variables

Key environment variables for Docker deployment:

Variable	Description	Default	Required
`SERVER_HOST`	Server bind address	`0.0.0.0`	No
`SERVER_PORT`	Server port	`9001`	No
`POSTGRES_HOST`	Database host	`postgres`	Yes
`POSTGRES_USER`	Database username	-	Yes
`POSTGRES_PASSWORD`	Database password	-	Yes
`POSTGRES_DB`	Database name	`posthoot`	No
`REDIS_HOST`	Redis host	`redis`	No
`REDIS_PASSWORD`	Redis password	-	No
`JWT_SECRET`	JWT signing secret	-	Yes

Volume Mounts

The setup includes several volume mounts:

PostgreSQL data: postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
Redis data: redis_data:/data
Application storage: ./storage:/app/storage

Network Configuration

All services communicate through the posthoot-network bridge network, providing:

Isolated communication between services
Automatic DNS resolution
No external network exposure

Management

Basic Commands

# Start services
docker-compose up -d

# Stop services
docker-compose down

# View logs
docker-compose logs -f

# View specific service logs
docker-compose logs -f posthoot-server

# Restart services
docker-compose restart

# Rebuild and restart
docker-compose up -d --build

Monitoring

# Check service status
docker-compose ps

# View resource usage
docker stats

# Check container health
docker-compose ps --format "table {{.Name}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Ports}}"

Backup and Restore

Database Backup

# Create backup
docker-compose exec postgres pg_dump -U posthoot_user posthoot > backup.sql

# Restore backup
docker-compose exec -T postgres psql -U posthoot_user posthoot < backup.sql

Volume Backup

# Backup PostgreSQL data
docker run --rm -v posthoot_postgres_data:/data -v $(pwd):/backup alpine tar czf /backup/postgres_backup.tar.gz -C /data .

# Backup Redis data
docker run --rm -v posthoot_redis_data:/data -v $(pwd):/backup alpine tar czf /backup/redis_backup.tar.gz -C /data .

Production Deployment

Using External Database

For production, consider using managed database services:

services:
  posthoot-server:
    build: .
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_HOST=your-managed-db-host
      - POSTGRES_PORT=5432
      - POSTGRES_USER=your-db-user
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=your-db-password
      - POSTGRES_SSLMODE=require
    # Remove postgres dependency
    depends_on:
      - redis

Using External Redis

services:
  posthoot-server:
    build: .
    environment:
      - REDIS_HOST=your-redis-host
      - REDIS_PORT=6379
      - REDIS_PASSWORD=your-redis-password
    # Remove redis dependency
    depends_on: []

Reverse Proxy Setup

Add Nginx for SSL termination:

services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    ports:
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    volumes:
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - ./ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl
    depends_on:
      - posthoot-server
    networks:
      - posthoot-network

Create nginx.conf:

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    upstream posthoot {
        server posthoot-server:9001;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name your-domain.com;
        return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
    }

    server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        server_name your-domain.com;

        ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/key.pem;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://posthoot;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
    }
}

Security

Environment File Security

# Set proper permissions
chmod 600 .env

# Use Docker secrets in production
docker secret create postgres_password ./postgres_password.txt

Network Security

# Restrict external access
services:
  posthoot-server:
    # Remove ports mapping for internal only
    expose:
      - "9001"
    networks:
      - posthoot-network

Container Security

services:
  posthoot-server:
    # Run as non-root user
    user: "1000:1000"
    # Read-only root filesystem
    read_only: true
    # Security options
    security_opt:
      - no-new-privileges:true

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

1. Database Connection Issues

# Check if PostgreSQL is running
docker-compose ps postgres

# Check PostgreSQL logs
docker-compose logs postgres

# Test connection
docker-compose exec postgres pg_isready -U posthoot_user

2. Redis Connection Issues

# Check if Redis is running
docker-compose ps redis

# Check Redis logs
docker-compose logs redis

# Test Redis connection
docker-compose exec redis redis-cli ping

3. Port Conflicts

# Check what's using the port
sudo netstat -tlnp | grep :9001

# Change port in docker-compose.yml
ports:
  - "9002:9001"

4. Permission Issues

# Fix storage directory permissions
sudo chown -R 1000:1000 ./storage

# Fix volume permissions
docker-compose down
sudo chown -R 999:999 ./postgres_data
docker-compose up -d

Debugging

# Access container shell
docker-compose exec posthoot-server /bin/sh

# Check environment variables
docker-compose exec posthoot-server env

# View container details
docker inspect posthoot-server

Performance Tuning

Resource Limits

services:
  posthoot-server:
    deploy:
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 1G
          cpus: '1.0'
        reservations:
          memory: 512M
          cpus: '0.5'

Database Optimization

services:
  postgres:
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_SHARED_BUFFERS=256MB
      - POSTGRES_MAX_CONNECTIONS=100
      - POSTGRES_WORK_MEM=16MB

Redis Optimization

services:
  redis:
    command: redis-server --maxmemory 256mb --maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru

Monitoring

Health Checks

All services include health checks:

services:
  postgres:
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U posthoot_user -d posthoot"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

  redis:
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "ping"]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

Logging

# View all logs
docker-compose logs -f

# View specific service logs
docker-compose logs -f posthoot-server

# Export logs
docker-compose logs > posthoot.log

Metrics

Consider adding monitoring:

services:
  prometheus:
    image: prom/prometheus
    ports:
      - "9090:9090"
    volumes:
      - ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
    networks:
      - posthoot-network

  grafana:
    image: grafana/grafana
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    environment:
      - GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin
    networks:
      - posthoot-network

Support

For Docker-specific issues:

Check Docker and Docker Compose logs
Verify environment variables are set correctly
Ensure ports are not conflicting
Check volume permissions and mounts

Next Steps

After successful deployment:

Configure monitoring and alerting
Set up backups and test recovery
Implement security best practices
Plan scaling strategies
Document procedures for your team

Tutorials

Self-Hosting

Technical

Examples

​Docker Deployment

​Prerequisites

​Quick Start

​1. Clone the Repository

​2. Configure Environment

​3. Create Docker Compose File

​4. Build and Start

​Configuration

​Environment Variables

​Volume Mounts

​Network Configuration

​Management

​Basic Commands

​Monitoring

​Backup and Restore

​Database Backup

​Volume Backup

​Production Deployment

​Using External Database

​Using External Redis

​Reverse Proxy Setup

​Security

​Environment File Security

​Network Security

​Container Security

​Troubleshooting

​Common Issues

​1. Database Connection Issues

​2. Redis Connection Issues

​3. Port Conflicts

​4. Permission Issues

​Debugging

​Performance Tuning

​Resource Limits

​Database Optimization

​Redis Optimization

​Monitoring

​Health Checks

​Logging

​Metrics

​Support

​Next Steps

Docker Deployment

Prerequisites

Quick Start

1. Clone the Repository

2. Configure Environment

3. Create Docker Compose File

4. Build and Start

Configuration

Environment Variables

Volume Mounts

Network Configuration

Management

Basic Commands

Monitoring

Backup and Restore

Database Backup

Volume Backup

Production Deployment

Using External Database

Using External Redis

Reverse Proxy Setup

Security

Environment File Security

Network Security

Container Security

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

1. Database Connection Issues

2. Redis Connection Issues

3. Port Conflicts

4. Permission Issues

Debugging

Performance Tuning

Resource Limits

Database Optimization

Redis Optimization

Monitoring

Health Checks

Logging

Metrics

Support

Next Steps